Business at the Base of the Pyramid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business at the Base of the Pyramid - Essay Example 4). Endurance for organizations, at the base of the pyramid, legitimately depends fair and square of advancement that is placed into the items (Prahaland 2002, p. 5). Accomplishing new degrees of capital effectiveness is a pre-essential to productive activity at the base of the pyramid (The European Alliance 2008, p. 11). The accentuation of business structure renovating ought to be to deliver inventive item utilizing imaginative methods. This thus requires the need to embrace imaginative assembling forms. The core value that ought to be embraced is the creation of items that guide the network in meeting its improvement goals (The European Alliance 2008, p. 10). The straightforward certainty is that situating an item to improve the lives of the poor has an assortment of preferences, head of which is the monetary points of interest that will accumulates from this methodology (London 2007, P.9). The methodology that ought to be received by the organizations, which center around the bas e of the pyramid, should involve utilizing a creative assembling process, which will lessen the general expense of creation. This is in accordance with the way that working at the base of the pyramid involves bringing down of costs and repackaging items into monetarily neighborly units. This is best exemplified by the methodology embraced by HLL India (Prahaland 2002, p. 6). The firm propelled another item called Wheel which basically diminished the proportion of oil to water in their cleanser. At the point when this was combined with the ease valuing methodology that they had set up, the outcome was a blasting item which spoke to the helpless purchaser. This at that point introduces the purpose of appropriation. So as to target, viably, the base of the pyramid, there must be frameworks that have been set up, to guarantee that the conveyance systems can get to, adequately, the destitute individuals (Prahaland 2002, p. 5). The absence of impartial riches dispersion confines the poor to the sidelines of the worldwide economy. This is paying little mind to the verity that they involve a huge segment of the populace. The status and nature of the helpless makes it amazingly hard to reach by means of the customary models that have ruled utilizing conventional plans of action (International Finance Corporation 2007, p. 3). The suitable structure ought to be to situate deals focuses to the little outlets, which are much of the time utilized by poor people. These little outlets are attributes of the abodes of poor people. All things considered, ought to comprise as deals focuses for the plans of action of the base of the pyramid. Effective circulation frameworks have more prominent capability of giving to huge and undiscovered market. The biggest being sourced from the provincial poor. In that capacity, with models that envelop organizing conveyance focuses in the provincial regions are better positioned to tap these huge and exponentially developing markets (Schrader, Freimann and Seuring 2012, p. 289). This is best done by organizing the plan of action to carry the item closer to the client (The European Alliance 2008, p. 13). This thusly introduces the need to keep an eye on the framework. In that capacity, this requires the need to join NGOs and the legislature into a commonly profiting organization (The European Alliance 2008, p. 10). Beside this, another crucial perspective, to mull over is

College Acceptance Essay

Training is one of the most significant exercises that we need to experience in our life. It is the motivation behind why the world is the place it is today. These advances and developments would have never been accomplished on the off chance that it was not for instructed individuals. It helped the general public to settle on more astute and better decisions. Practically the entirety of the innovations that make our life simpler today are the result of training. Researchers, government officials, instructors, and so on are largely first taught before they go out to this present reality to rehearse what they have realized. Colleges and schools are where individuals go looking for advanced education. Understudies will do whatever they can to ensure they end up in one of these spots. Tragically, not every person is acknowledged. Each foundation has its own prerequisites for understudies need to coordinate so as to be acknowledged. In the no so distant past, minorities used to confront a difficult circumstance on the off chance that they needed to get into an advanced education foundation. These things don’t appear to be that large of an issue at the present time. Understudies get acknowledged to various types of schools relying upon how great they perform during their secondary school year and on their SAT test scores. The disputable issue currently is whether students’ scholarly foundation ought to be the main figure thought about affirmation. Despite the fact that colleges and universities are home for information and understudies ought to be acknowledged by their capacity to learn, different elements ought to likewise be considered to allow understudies another opportunity at an advanced education foundation. Scholastic qualification is a significant obstruction one needs to meet so as to have the option to go to an advanced education organization. A few people have extraordinary execution that permit them to go to the school they had always wanted. Others, nonetheless, may not be as shrewd and may come up short on the qualification required to go to a school. Colleges are places where understudies face testing exercises and are excepted to attempt as well as could be expected to succeed. The individuals who have a superior foundation in examining propensities are bound to prevail in school. The training we get at an early age will influence us on our excursion to progress. That is the reason colleges ought to think about scholastic execution in their confirmation necessities. Understudies with fulfilling SAT score and a decent GPA ought not be stressed over getting acknowledged or not; They merit it. For whatever length of time that school is a spot for instruction, the individuals who demonstrate they have been focused on their exercises ought to be the main ones allowed to advance in their training. One of different reasons why scholarly accomplishment ought to be the main factor considered for school affirmation is for reasonable treatment and ethical quality. In the event that an individual has worked admirably all through his/her instructive procedure in secondary school, he/she has the right to be acknowledged to their fantasy school. It would not be reasonable in the event that he/she is turned somewhere around his/her fantasy school while a reckless schoolmate gets his acknowledgment letter. It would not be reasonable. The student’s good will be squashed. Not having the option to make his/her fantasy work out as expected subsequent to devoting all their time on their instruction, will, undoubtedly, leave an understudy miserable. Thusly, the confirmation board needs to regard the idea of training and those persevering understudies and think about just scholarly qualification. Confirmations should just focus on how the understudy can answer to his/her instructive difficulties not on how they can stumble into the field. Competitors can not proceed just as those acknowledged for their scholastic qualification, â€Å"they additionally normally finish their school conveys in the base of their class† (article 371). Another explanation behind the need of the sole thought of scholastic qualification for school confirmation is what's to come. Individuals in colleges are the pioneers of tomorrow. They have to have a different perspective on the world upheld by their training. They ought to see any issue that may originate from any piece of the world so they can help comprehend it. These pioneers of tomorrow likewise need to have a decent foundation in training beginning from preschool. They have to comprehend the significance of training forever. So as to acknowledge training, they have to know the prizes that originate from it. The future chiefs, are the individuals who pay attention to class. The individuals who pay attention to it are bound to get fulfilling grades that permit them to enter an advanced education foundation. On the off chance that we care about our future, we ought to think about it in the entirety of our choices. The school confirmation office ought to consider just scholarly qualification in light of the fact that the individuals who think about what's to come are the individuals who get the wonderful evaluations and those ought to be compensated the acknowledgment letter. Then again, the advantage that universities get from the athletic understudies is past anyone‘s creative mind. Particularly little colleges need these competitors to contend with different schools and keep their notoriety. These little, profoundly specific liberal colleges, for example, Harvard have a wide choice of sports, yet they likewise need a solid group. The issue these schools are confronting is the size of the understudy body. The schools can not make solid groups if there isn't a lot to look over. Competitors make up 32% of the male understudy body at schools like Harvard and Williams, rather than just 5% at a school like the University of Michigan. (Publication 370). On the off chance that we taking gander at the pro game field, similar to the NBA, NFL, MLS, and others, we can see that many headliners rose from colleges and universities. These genius competitors became stars by playing sports in their colleges. These universities are the motivation behind why we currently make the most of our preferred game each week. Understudies originate from everywhere throughout the world with extraordinary possibilities. Understudies who enter the United States subsequent to completing secondary school or on the erg of completing secondary school, will make some troublesome memories getting into exceptionally particular colleges. America is the home for some worker researchers and engineers, and these secondary school or understudies from different nations could be the following researchers or architects. Different nations have an exceptionally troublesome reviewing framework than the U. S. A. At the point when the evaluation changes are made in the U. S, what was the most elevated score in the class back home will currently be just the normal. This normal evaluation wont take migrant understudies to perhaps the best college or schools. Their experience is the main possibility they need to get acknowledged. Most schools grasp assorted variety and attempt to acknowledge individuals everything being equal. The more colleges and universities acknowledge these sort of understudies, the more differing the schools can be. They can bring a social assorted variety among understudies which can be utilized later on to take care of issues outside of the U.S. along these lines, these outsiders rely upon another factor other than scholastic qualification to be acknowledged into a school. For the greater part of our populace, training is the main way out of neediness or some other issue. individuals put their confidence on it and plan to get as well as can be expected offer. They will successfully go anyplace it drives them. Before they taste the products of instruction, they need to go through tests and different impediments. Getting to school is one of those snags. To get acknowledged into probably the best school is a significant issue. Understudies wish to enlist into a school they want and progress in their training to support themselves, their family, and their nation. So as to do this, they have to keep a fantastic score while they are in school. As understudies, teenagers have more to offer than their cerebrum. Not one but rather a significant number of them can cause the establishment they to speak to best at what these understudies do other than getting the hang of, profiting themselves and their schools. Hence, it is significant for colleges and universities to investigate the students’ capacity to learn, without overlooking however regarding what they can do when they are not in a homeroom.

Marriot International, Inc. Analysis

This is an examination put together task with respect to the universal extension openings and practices of Marriot Hotels. Marriot International, Inc., which is situated in the U.S., is a worldwide administrator of an expansive assortment of inns and other friendliness facilities.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Marriot International, Inc. Examination explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The organization has around 3,150 housing and convenience offices situated in USA and numerous others in remote nations. With a wide assortment of self-marked properties over the world and select housing brands, Marriot is ostensibly positioned among the top heads of cordiality benefits on the planet. Guests’ convenience necessities are expanding bounteously with each new day, because of the changing condition brought by globalization, among different drivers. The expanding requests for selective housing and convenience offices encouraged by globalizations h ave kept on calling for much worry from the neighborliness part. This undoubtedly is one of the numerous conservative chances and advantages that have been brought by the pattern of globalization to the tremendous neighborliness industry. Alongside the expanding dwelling requests, the pattern has likewise carried extraordinary effect on other main thrusts in the friendliness business, in a way that contacts pretty much every part of the business (Rusa, van Knippenberg Dan 13) These effects have kept on influencing emphatically, all activities in the division, such that builds interest for cordiality items and administrations, in this manner compelling numerous organizations in the business to take their business across national limits. Among those organizations that have had the option to embrace to the numerous adjustments in the segment, and who have been hopeful enough to see opportunity in all of new turns of events, are the Marriot International, Inc., who have effectively open ed accommodation chains in practically all pieces of the world. One of the company’s significant objective and goal is to continue with its crucial giving selective projects and assets that do mirror the worldwide networks. This for sure clarifies the company’s current worldwide decent variety and consideration to pretty much all aspects of the world, particularly in the creating countries.Advertising Looking for exposition on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As it would be watched, there are numerous difficulties in the present cordiality industry, yet Marriot’s idealistic methodology would empower to them see opportunity in those difficulties and use them completely, as one method of guaranteeing that they stay ahead in the serious commercial center. The accompanying diagram demonstrates Marriot’s shares in the market, contrasted and different organizations in the acc ommodation area. Since the time the company’s establishment by Willard Marriot route back in the year 1927, it has experienced fast advancements over the time. Today, the organization is glad for around 3,200 housing properties universally, with an aggregate of 435 inn offices outside USA. Notwithstanding the numerous difficulties right now saturating the worldwide friendliness industry, Marriot are yet to feel the warmth, because of their suffering administration reasoning and centered initiative capacities. Marriot International has effectively figured out how to convey its cordiality brands into numerous areas of the world. This pattern proceeds even today, as the organization guides its extension plans to other creating areas, where they are yet to make a passageway (Ulrich 81). Be that as it may, in spite of these universal extension endeavors which reflects achievement and quality in the worldwide market, Marriot Hotels have never been fortunate to evade a portion of th e numerous business challenges influencing the neighborliness segment today. As it is watched, budgetary, efficient and social difficulties are a portion of the major worldwide difficulties which keep on influencing the company’s extension efforts.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Marriot International, Inc. Examination explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Cultural Challenges The social contrasts introduced by different social gatherings have been a significant test to the organization. Various nations have distinctive social discernments, and now and again, these changed societies may not offer a smooth greeting to numerous accommodation ventures adjusted to Marriot’s worldwide assorted variety and consideration plan. A few people in those different locales may will in general observe the company’s approaches, guidelines, brands, administrations, and offers as a danger to their own way of life. Consequently, these networks may not be prepared to bargain their own particular manner of life for a remote financial specialist, since they have a worldwide notoriety in the cordiality segment. For example, the company’s late non-smoking strategy inside their housing offices, despite the fact that moral, may not function admirably in many spots where smoking is completely acknowledged. In any case, as it would be seen from past investigations, Marriot Hotels have consistently concocted new methodologies to address the issue of culture, which ends up being basic in numerous outside nations. One successful method of tending to social difficulties and issues has experienced the soul of decent variety, which guarantees that the company’s tremendous workforce is drawn from different locales speaking to an assorted variety of culture. The company’s stirred up workforce truly mirrors the rich assorted variety of the networks in the whole world, where the organization has a touch. Affordable Challen ges No one in this world, not even the most astute money related experts can foresee the dilemma that anticipates the worldwide business part soon. This is because of the progressing ramifications of the past money related emergencies and turbulences. Numerous organizations on the planet have never been steady with their organizations, attributable to the numerous difficulties presented by the unsure examples of the economy. Organizations everywhere throughout the world are step by step recovering endurance in the market, as the worldwide economy keeps on balancing out from the effect of the ongoing money related emergency, however with a ton of difficulties (Boyd 42). Nonetheless, a few organizations in the worldwide market, for example, Marriot International who have had a solid money related strength have never been not kidding casualties of these budgetary turbulences and have cruised all through with their activities in the neighborliness part, even at the pinnacle of the most noticeably awful prudent occasions ever. This anyway doesn't imply that Marriot International has never felt the touch of current worldwide prudent challenges.Advertising Searching for exposition on business financial aspects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More At whatever point worldwide efficient turbulences do happen, they influence each area of our economy, either legitimately or straightforwardly. For this situation, one route by which Marriot keeps on paying the expense of affordable difficulties is through its universal development endeavors. While it is difficult to set up new properties in certain nations in the current prudent circumstances, it has never been simple for the organization to deal with its property and offices in certain districts where the ramifications of the 2007 worldwide emergency are yet to die down totally. All things considered, the organization has no other decision, yet to apply helpful administration ideas which are sure to empower them endure the numerous difficulties routinely introduced by the questionable efficient examples of the day. One of the most appropriate ideas utilized by Marriot to manage this test is the alteration of costs to coordinate the affordable changes. The accompanying diagram shows the normal cost of a room for every year for the organization in various efficient occasions. Money related Challenges Financial test stays a significant impediment in the development of the friendliness division. Marriot International, despite the fact that a major player in the part, has never been avoided from this test. Customers’ needs are getting mind boggling with each second that passes, driven by the present data age (Palierse 17). In such manner, clients are furnished with more data in regards to restrictive administrations and items that they would expect in an organization having a worldwide acknowledgment, for example, Marriot. To react to these requests, Marriot has normally been compelled to leave behind a great deal of cash to keep up its restrictive cordiality brands and property, as one method of holding their notoriety in the business. In any case, attempting to adjust the company’s immense activities with its worldwide notoriety has consistently be en an expensive mediation which has kept on freezing the organization of a ton of cash, in each monetary year. This postures incredible difficulties to the company’s ongoing extension endeavors to other pending areas. It is additionally evident that the budgetary exhibition of the company’s properties isn't the equivalent in all areas. While the economies of some individual countries keep on assuming a bigger job in the company’s budgetary achievement, things are not all that lovely in different areas. This has the implying that, Marriot has gone through more cash in the administration of its properties in certain areas, while the estimation of these speculations is never encouraging once in a while. Another genuine and basic monetary test confronting the organization in its extension endeavors is the issue of business condition in different parts. In some quick creating districts, for example, India, land is over the top expensive and this makes it difficult fo r the organization to set up new property there, inferable from the genuine administration and operational difficulties this is probably going to posture to the business later on. Works Cited Boyd, David. â€Å"Lessons from turnaround leaders.† Strategy Leadership 39. 3 (2011): 36-43. Print. Palierse, Christophe. â€Å"L’amà ©ricain Marriott veut implanter un hã'tel Bulgari à Paris.† Les Echos 31. 12 (2011): 17. Pri

The Dangers of Genetic Engineering essays

Beyondg’s vocal capacity and potential, she refuted them to do as such, when she performed at the Super bowl half-time appear with around 12 minutes of goods shaking, body crushing, hair-hurling and GIRL POWER! They were unquestionably off-base to say as much, as not a solitary yawn was let out. Nobody peeped out a word during it as everybody was totally enchanted by Honey Bee’s cabinetmaking execution. Everybody at the edge of their seats thinking about what tune she will sing straightaway. We will compose a custom article test on Diva Momma Gives A Fierce Performance or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Also, each and every time, she didn’t frustrate her fans, not the slightest bit. Indeed, she got them considerably progressively energized, made them shout and yelling her verses back at her all through the entire execution. The Stage setting and enhancements interweaved in style and wonder. It was very efficient and unmistakably was thoroughly considered for a considerable length of time, even months! The lighting was so compelling, while at the same time adding flavor to Beyondg’s execution and still figured out how to maintain the emphasis on her! My preferred enhancement however was the point at which a guitarist (who shook everyone’s socks off coincidentally) appeared unexpectedly and had flashes coming out of it, while Beyond was directly alongside it wowing off the tremendous assortment of pitches she can belt out. Was enamored. Her outfit was extremely striking and out of this universe. She wore an edited dark calfskin bike coat and a cowhide bodysuit made with segments of python and iguana, with some ribbon. It resembled a woman’s present day warrior outfit. It’s effectively savage enough for what it's worth, however to placed Bye in it? The furious meter is going to detonate! Bumble bee looked rather crushing and wore it as though to remind everybody in the crowd that she is one attractive, provocative lady, since, we didn’t realize that as of now. Her melody decisions were sharp as they were all notable which permitted the crowd to sing/shout along. It included ‘Crazy in Love’ ‘End of Time’ and 3 melodies which she sang with her ex-bunch individuals Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams. They actually came shooting up out of the underground, and overwhelmed everybody when they performed ‘Single Ladies’. Best astonishment in Super-Bowl Half-Time Show history. The movement was immaculate and they indicated that ‘Diva’ is actually a ‘female variant of a hustler’ if you catch my drift! Albeit Kelly and Michelle ere in front of an audience with Beyond, Beyond was still everyone’s center. Nobody can ever take her spotlight! Singing Halo as her last tune was an epic end. She figured out how to belt the notes easily, substantiating herself by and by, to be the Queen of RAN. The show was the hottest Super Bowl Half Time appear since 2004 when Janet Jackson had a ‘Wardrobe malfunction†. Yowser! From start to finish, the vocalist didn’t let parenthood hinder conveying a vigorous exhibition that executed! Furthermore, in particular, she had now hushed her skeptics. The most effective method to refer to Diva Momma Gives A Fierce Performance, Papers

The Adventures Of Huck Finn 2 Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn By ; Mark Twain I have perused the book The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn up to section 14. I have discovered one thing I wear # 8217 ; t like, the semantic correspondence which is utilized is straight out of the 1800 # 8217 ; s. A delineation of this can be found on each page in the book. Couple shows one of these representations when he composes, # 8220 ; I took to it again in light of the fact that pablum hadn # 8217 ; t no protests. # 8221 ; This semantic correspondence is non worthy in current English, it should be, # 8220 ; I took to it again in light of the fact that pablum had no complaints. # 8221 ; At the point when Tom and Huckleberry were outside and came up short on tightens and required a greater amount of them, I thought it was acceptable of Tom to go forward cash for the shapes he took. Couple shows this when he composes, # 8220 ; But Tom needed to resk it ; so we slid in there and got three shapes, and Tom laid five pennies on the even exhibit for pay. We will compose a custom paper test on The Adventures Of Huck Finn 2 Essay or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page # 8221 ; This shows however it was off base of Tom to take the shapes it genuine of him to go forward pay for the shapes. I think Ts cap Tom and Huck are truly brilliant male childs, when Huck escaped the house Tom imagined that he was a feline to obtain Hucks joining in. On the off chance that he hadn’t done this the widow may hold got them go forthing in the focal point of the dim. Couple shows their creativity when he composes, â€Å"Directly I could just barely hear a me-yow! me-yow! down at that place. That was acceptable! Says I, me-yow! me-yow! each piece delicate as I could, thus I put out the obvious radiation and mixed out of the window on to the shed.† This shows the male childs creativity and knowledge. I think it is sick that the gathering of male childs made their ain pack. The pack intended to loot individuals, slaughter individuals and take individuals for deliver. Twain shows this when he composes, # 8220 ; We ain # 8217 ; t robbers. That ain # 8217 ; t no sort of way. We are highjackers. We stop stages and traveler vehicles on the course, with veils on and murder the individuals and take their tickers and cash. # 8221 ; I think that its appalling that some juvenile school male childs would be after to slaughter individuals. In choice the book is non each piece terrible as I anticipated that it should be.

Radioactive Chemicals and Cigarettes

Radioactive Chemicals and Cigarettes Addiction Nicotine Use The Inside of Cigarettes Print Radioactive Chemicals and Cigarettes By Terry Martin facebook twitter Terry Martin quit smoking after 26 years and is now an advocate for those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction. Learn about our editorial policy Terry Martin Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Sanja Jelic, MD on February 22, 2017 Sanja Jelic, MD, is board-certified in sleep medicine, critical care medicine, pulmonary disease, and internal medicine.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Sanja Jelic, MD Updated on January 07, 2020 Yagi Studios/Getty Images More in Addiction Nicotine Use The Inside of Cigarettes After You Quit How to Quit Smoking Nicotine Withdrawal Smoking-Related Diseases Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Coping and Recovery As of Dec. 20, 2019, the new legal age limit is 21 years old for purchasing cigarettes, cigars, or any other tobacco products in the U.S. Most people, smokers and non-smokers alike, are surprised to learn that cigarette smoke contains radioactive particles. Even more shocking is the fact that when inhaled, these particles lodge in the lungs and stay there. Lead-210 (Pb-210) and polonium-210 (Po-210) are  poisonous, radioactive  heavy metals  that research has shown to be present in tobacco smoke. What are they and where do they come from? Understanding Lead-210 and Polonium-210 When  uranium, an ore that occurs in small amounts in nature, breaks down,  radium  is released as radon gas into the atmosphere. Once that occurs, radon gas decays quickly, producing lead-210 (Pb-210) and polonium-210 (Po-210), highly radioactive metals (known as radon decay products). Radon gas is the second leading cause of  lung cancer, claiming approximately 21,000 lives in the United States every year.  Cigarette smoking is the first, with approximately 158,080 lives lost to lung cancer annually in the U.S. Radon gas released from the soil can seep into buildings through cracks in the foundation. This is a concern in homes where we spend most of our time. If youre concerned about radon gas, look into having the air in your home tested and, if positive for radon, putting a venting measure in place. Radium is also present in phosphate fertilizers that are often used in tobacco farming and contributes to the amount of radioactive particles that are in contact with tobacco plants. How Lead-210 and Polonium-210 Get Into Tobacco As radium in the soil around tobacco plants releases radon gas, tiny lead and polonium particles float free and attach to bits of dust that are carried to the surface of tobacco leaves. These radioactive particles attach themselves to tobacco via the thousands of fine hairs covering the bottom surface of the leaves. In this way, radiation is  transported from the field to the processing plant. Once there, the tobacco leaves are washed, but  because Lead-210 and polonium-210 are both insoluble in water, the particles are not removed. Lead-210 and polonium-210 are present in finished tobacco products that go out to consumers.  In the case of cigarettes, these radioactive particles ultimately find a home in smokers lungs. In a study published in the American Journal of Public Health, researchers reviewed more than 1,500 tobacco industry documents. They discovered information that indicates the industry was aware of the dangers associated with polonium in cigarettes for over 40 years. They  hid their research in order to keep the public in the dark about radioactivity in cigarettes. What Happens When You Inhale Radioactive Metals? As a smoker breathes in cigarette smoke, lead-210 and polonium-210 stick to the  cigarette tar  that collects at the junctions of air passages within the lungs  called  bronchioles. Studies have shown that lead-210 and polonium-210 build-up at these locations and over time produce radioactive hot spots. In particular, polonium-210  emits alpha-radiation, which can seriously damage DNA. Inhaling lead-210 and polonium-210 is a significant risk factor for  lung cancer  because the build-up of radioactive particles in the lungs of smokers is cumulative and permanent. Radiation absorbed into the body is measured in units called rads.  Research has  shown that 15 rads of polonium  in lab mice can cause lung cancer. That amounts to about one-fifth of the rads absorbed by a smoker who smoked 2 packs a day for 25 years. Scientists looking at the lung tissue of smokers who  have died of lung cancer found that in most instances,  80 to 100 rads of polonium-210 had accumulated in the tissue. Secondhand Smoke Is Radioactive, Too Anyone who breathes in secondhand smoke exposes their lungs to the same toxic heavy metals that are associated with causing lung cancer in smokers. Approximately 7,330 lung cancer deaths in the United States today are caused by secondhand smoke. Further, these toxins are just two of the hundreds of poisonous and/or carcinogenic chemicals present in cigarette smoke. Dont Forget About the Toxins in Thirdhand Smoke Thirdhand smoke is the particulate residue from cigarette smoke that lingers in the air and settles on surfaces in enclosed spaces. It carries all of the same dangerous toxins that mainstream and secondhand smoke do, and is a particular threat to young children, who may touch tainted surfaces and then put their fingers in their mouths. Polonium-210 cannot be absorbed into the body from contact with  intact skin or mucous membranes. However, in the case of secondhand smoke, it is hazardous when inhaled, and thirdhand smoke, when ingested. A Word From Verywell To date, scientists have discovered  more than 7,000 chemicals, including 250 poisonous and 70 carcinogenic compounds,  in cigarettes and cigarette smoke. Some chemicals are byproducts of combustion, some are  additives that tobacco manufacturers use  to affect the taste, burn time, and more. Tobacco is responsible for more than 440,000 deaths in the United States each year. Around the world, that number rises to 6 million, including more than half a million non-smokers who were exposed to  secondhand smoke. The toxins in cigarettes and cigarette smoke cause numerous types of cancer, heart disease, and COPD. Radiation plays a deadly role as well. There is no safe level of exposure to cigarette smoke. If youre not a smoker but are exposed to cigarette smoke in enclosed spaces, you face similar risks that smokers do, including lung cancer and other smoking-related cancers. Stay away from cigarette smoke. And if you smoke, the best thing you can do for yourself is quit. Learn what you can expect when you quit smoking and what you can do  to minimize the discomforts that come with  nicotine withdrawal. Also, find a support group. There is nothing better than the help and camaraderie that comes when you connect with  people who understand what youre going through when you quit smoking. Heres the bottom line:  dont fear quitting and dont put it off. The sooner you get started, the less the damage to your health.

Patriarchy and Prostitution Sex Trafficking in South Korea - Free Essay Example

Ever since the Mongol Empire, prostitution and sex trafficking have been unspoken components in Korean culture. Sexual domination and violence were cruel and ruthless concessions made by defeated Korean subjects to appeal to the invading forces. The Korean state was forced to round up young females and send them as kongnyo or tribute women (Soh, 2004). This systematic victimization continued throughout the eventual conquests and occupation by the Chinese dynasties until the early 20th century. In some cases, young Korean women and girls were sent to China as sex slaves to Chinese masters. Returning to their homeland led to secondary victimization. In Korea, women are compared to rags. Once they are dropped and dirtied again, they can never be clean again (Lee, 2016). Former victims were stigmatized and disowned by their family. During the 35 year occupation of the Japanese Empire (1910-1945), Korean females, once again became victims of sexual exploitation and used as comfort women. Under the Japanese, the Korean state oversaw the institution of kisaeng, who, as entertainers (analogous to Japans geishas), sometimes engaged in prostitution (Soh, 2004). After the U.S. troops entered the peninsula in 1945, prostitution was rendered illegal. However, it remained an ignored problem. From the 1950s to the 1970s, the United States Forces in Korea (USFK) and the Republic of Korea cooperatively agreed to set up rest and relaxation centers for U.S. troops (Hughes, Chon Ellerman, 2007). To reduce the spread of venereal disease among prostitutes and U.S. servicemen, the Korean government rounded up prostitutes near U.S. bases [and took] them to clinics for group venereal disease examinations and penicillin injections (Zimelis, 2009). With Western influences, the South Korean economy began to industrialize and grow. Skyscrapers emerged in the midst of traditional Buddhist temples and craggy mountains. American businesses and chain restaurants changed the Korean landscape to bustling neon-lit cities. Globalization made Korea an economic powerhouse in Asia. Dr. Nayong Lee, Professor at Chung-Ang University, stated [Korea] doesnt admit that it grew the economy by exploiting women (Lee, 2016). Very similarly to Western societies, runaway youth continue to be extremely vulnerable. Girls who leave volatile homes (alcoholism, mental health concerns) and sexual assault by male family members have very little resources for support. According to a 2012 survey conducted by the Seoul Metropolitan Movement, nearly half of all female runaways end up in prostitution (Lee, 2016). The basic needs of shelter, adequate clothing, and food take precedence over dignity. Nefarious employment agencies seek out women who are experiencing debt. Financially strapped Korean women enter prostitution as a way to pay of credit card debt (Hughes, 2004). Pimps, sometimes sponsored by organized crime groups, utilize debt bondage to control their victims. Women may be given sums of money or fashion clothing under the false pretenses that they would be able to reimburse their pimp. However, the pimp imposes additional fees for food, transportation to other bars, and missing work to the point that the victim would not be able to make any financial headway. In 1991, the Soviet Union broke away into separate republics. In the same year, the U.S. Department of Defense closed its military bases at Subic Bay and Clark Air Force Base. Both events created economic instability in the former Soviet republics and the Philippines. As a result, South Korea witnessed an increase of Russian and Filipina women entering the entertainment business on E-6 visas. In addition to luring victims by providing initial monetary and/or material reimbursement, traffickers may make false promises of legitimate jobs. Traffickers and illegitimate employment agencies offer hospitality (waitress, bar staff) or entertainment jobs (vocalist, dancer) to foreign women in developing areas. These fabricated jobs eventually lead to prostitution in hazardous conditions. Even more astonishing are the sporadic reports of U.S. military members actively involved with the international trafficking of Korean women to American massage parlors (Hughes, et al., 2007). American soldiers marry the Korean, or Filipina in a sham marriage, thereby giving her sponsorship necessary to enter the U.S. Once the newly married couple arrives in the United States, the service member divorces, delivers and sells his wife to a massage parlor or another pimp. Hughes, et al (2007) and Goldman (2002) quoted one INS agent. I dont recall even having interviewed a Korean prostitute in [t he United States] that was not in the country as a result of being married to an American serviceman. Sex trafficking victims, regardless of nationality (Korean, Russian, or Filipina), are stigmatized by society. Conventional wisdom among those interviewed in Jason Lees 2016 documentary Save My Seoul depicts apathy and a lack of sympathy for sex trafficking victims. Male interviewees rationalized that the victims are willing participants with the intent to earn money, that there is no victimization. Other Koreans consider prostitution as a necessary evil possibly noting Koreas patriarchal mores and customs in heterosexual relationships and the belief that sexual services are essential in maintaining partnerships with an occupying force at the expense of womens rights. Some scoff off concern by stating that the government seems to be taking care of it. The question How? is up for argument. The U.S. State Department rated the Republic of Korea as a Tier 1 country in its efforts to thwart human trafficking. The 2017 Trafficking in Persons Report (TIP) from the U.S. State Department noted the following: The government demonstrated serious and sustained efforts by increasing the number of trafficking investigations, prosecutions, and convictions compared to the previous reporting period, conducting numerous awareness raising campaigns, providing services to 7.397 potential trafficking victims, and strengthening procedures to prevent trafficking among entertainment visa holders. In 2004, South Korea instituted new anti-prostitution laws intended to better protect victims of forced prostitution (Yea, 2006). Yea (2006) continued that sanctions against traffickers [do] not specify details of compensation for debt bonded and financially exploited victims. Escape from the bowels of prostitution proves to be a difficult process. Korean police still regard prostitutes not as victims, but as consenting participants in criminal activity. Corruption within the Korean criminal justice system leads to an enormous amount of distrust in reporting victimization. Women who seek help from the police have been returned to their pimps. Once returned, the pimps use physical violence to punish the girls for fleeing. Through bribes and association, police officers disregard complaints or assist victims to rehabilitative services. Skeptics noted that while the USFK does not condone prostitution, military police presence in known bars and brothels serve as a means to protect t he business and maintain order under the Uniformed Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). Although some service members have assisted in rescuing victims from their pimps, many more new victims fall prey to sex trafficking. One may hope that a new day is rising in The Land of the Morning Calm. In 2014, the USFK cracked down on Juicy Bars and other nightclubs surrounding military installations by deeming them off-limits. According to a July 6, 2014 Stars and Stripes article, such initiatives have helped dramatically lower the clusters of establishments thought to be involved with prostitution and human trafficking (Rowland Chang, 2014). South Korean governmental agencies began conducting inspections of nightclub establishments, especially those employing foreigners with E-6 visas. Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), such as Candy Cafe and Korea Church World United (KCWU) have been established to provide sanctuary to victims who have escaped their captors. Some assist foreign women to return to their home countries. Escape is difficult- living with the emotional scars consists of intense therapy to confront sexual and psychological trauma. It is even more difficult to change Koreas patriarchal and misogynistic beliefs in respect to acknowledging prostitution as violence against women. Jason Lees Save My Seoul addressed this disturbing practice. Such documentaries are necessary, along with other media coverage, to bring awareness to everyday Koreans. It is time for Korea to challenge centuries of exploitative practices. References Hughes, D.M., Chon, K.Y. Ellerman, D.P. (2007). Modern-day comfort women: The U.S. military, transnational crime, and the trafficking of women. Violence Against Women, 13(9), 901-922. doi: 10.1177/1077801207305218 Lee, J.Y. (Director). (2016). Save my Seoul [Motion Picture]. [With E. Lee]. United States: Gravitas Ventures. Republic of Korea: Office to monitor and combat trafficking in persons. Retrieved from the U.S. Department of State website: https://www.state.gov